Management info Systems class discussion wk9 Essay

Management info Systems class discussion wk9 - Essay Example Various organizations consider several factors before selecting the type of organization structure. Among the factors considered are; cost of using each, customer base, targeted group, the language used, technology supported among others. Companies that adopt the global organization structures are mainly financially way from the other companies. I find the global structure as it reaches a greater radius; this opens new and greater opportunities for enlarging these companies compared to the other structures. The global organization structure also presents significant obstacles among all the other GIS organizational structures as it requires; greater finances, network barriers due to technological backwardness, more significant consultations needed and language barriers, and problems of management that come up due to operating in large scale among other major challenges. The problem of a language barrier can be done by including language options in their GIS. More experienced and knowledgeable GIS experts can be employed to ensure the problem of management due to operating in large scale  gets  solved while the problem of network can be solved by using more sophisticated and advanced servers. In a nutshell, organization structures vary mainly in the coverage and the systems adopted in such organization when using the Global Information

Country Case Report for China Essay Example for Free

Country Case Report for China Essay The third largest land area in the world belongs to the People’s Republic of China. Presently, its population is the largest on the record and its capital, Beijing is the economic and cultural center. China’s economic growth greatly improves due to the trend of poverty reduction during the period of 1980-1990. From 542 million to 375 million, shrinking by 167 million, China’s poverty population exceedingly reduced. Angang stated that China’s achievements in poverty reduction made huge contributions to the cause of poverty reduction of the world (2). According to World Bank, the poverty population of the world dropped off by 98. 3 million. Among the five Asian countries with the most condensed poverty population are India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia, and according to the industrial poverty line, China’s current proportion of poverty population is the lowest. Statistics show that China has experienced a period of human history in which poverty population decreased by a largest margin in the past 2 decades, and reversed the trend that poverty population has been increasing in the past five decades in the world history, causing the poverty population of the world to decrease for the first time. That is to say, without China’s efforts of poverty reduction, the poverty population of the world would have increased from 848 million in 1980 to 917 million in 1990. (Angang, 2-3). Ambassador Baodong stated that the Development-oriented Poverty reduction program for Rural China for the period of 2001-2010 generated grand effects in the global poverty reduction. The number of rural population in China declined to 21. 48 million and 2. 3% of national poverty incidence was accounted for the 55% of global poverty reduction in 2007 (Baodong, 1). Technological development plays a vital role in the country’s economic growth. From 1980 to 1990, China’s expenditure amounted to US $17billion for imported technology. The trend of research and development made an immense leap. As a result there has been a modest amount of growth in the country’s development however the inefficiencies posted to be the chief dilemma. At the end of 1990, statistics illustrated that 50 of Shanghai’s large and medium enterprises only reached 10 percent of international level of quality standards and 30 percent arrived at the prototype stage using the new programs. From the year 2001 – 2005, this country became a major IT nation in the world, standing third place in manufacturing setting and first rank in telecommunications. The business cycle of the Chinese economy had undergone substantial magnitude from the time when the government established in the mid1950’s centralized economic management and planning. The period from 1979-1990 was depicted with relative stability and high escalation. In 1955-1978 economic growth rates, the movement went from 5. 7 percent to 9. 3 percent in 1979 to 1993 period. Investment cycles, harvest fluctuations, political disturbances, inflation and periodic retrenchments are the major factors that affect business cycles. Downturn was evident during 1980-1981, then an upswing from 1982 – 1989 and the business cycle in 1989 was another downturn and an upturn in 1990. Imai’s stated that his conclusion on Chinese business cycle stated that cycle interacts with exogenous shocks and generates business cycles with dissimilar amplitude and duration. An investment cycle is generated by patterned reaction of central planners who adjust the level of fixed investment in response to capacity pressure, an indicator of macroeconomic tension. An instititutional prerequisite of this cycle is the weak financial accountability of state enterprises (178). Economists added that the efficiency wedge, which represents institutional change and technology advance, was the main source of economic fluctuations in 1978 2006. The amplitude of it fluctuation declined after 1992, which resulted in moderation of business cycle fluctuations. Distortions manifest themselves as taxes on investment, which represents frictions in the capital market, became another economic fluctuation source after 1992, which is different from results of business cycle accounting on US and Japan data. Results also show that government consumption and net exports played minor roles in generating business cycles (Gao). China’s world trade generated a strong impact on its growth. Imports and exports led China to be among the world’s most significant export destinations for other Asian countries. Since the year 1979, the country’s global trade gradually improved. Presently, Japan’s exports of 11 percent came from China, before it was only 2 percent during the end of 1990. The Chinese government implemented tariff reductions in order to continue its longstanding trend in world trade. During 2004, China’s tariff rates dropped from 0. 6 to 10. 4 percent. Part of the country’s trade reforms to (WTO) World Trade Organization is to lessen tariff rates and eliminate import quotas and licenses, opening sectors for foreign country involvement such as telecommunications, financial and insurance services. Complete access to foreign participants is greatly assured through automatic licensing procedures. Eradication of limitations on trading and domestic distribution for majority of goods is also part of the plan. According to WTO, China will retain import state trading for wheat, rice, corn, sugar, tobacco, cotton and chemical fertilizers, as with export trading, corn, tea, rice, coal, silk, crude and processed oils, cotton, tungsten and ammonium products are included. In addition to this, China had been permanently bestowed with the most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment by other participants of WTO. As response to this honor, some countries have abolished restrictions on China’s imports. The contributing factor for the possible boost in China’s trade is when quota restrictions are lifted. China’s membership to World Trade Organization made enormous effect on some of the trends in relation to the role of China in international trade. Examples comprise of its magnetism to foreign investors and developing role in global export base. This is evident in IMF statistics that showed its market share in Japan, United States and Europe, from the period 1980 to 1990, an overall total of 10. 3 percent, and end of 2003, a whopping 37 percent (Source: IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics). â€Å"Just as water always flows to the lowest point, China is bound to be the first option for foreign capital investment (â€Å"Chinas Cheap† A1). China’s labor force is considered cheap and also of good quality. It is estimated that 100 million of employees in rural areas are likely to be waiting to be changed to urban workers. The Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) is a significant gauge to quantify the labor supply of PR China. In the period of 1980-1990, the LFPR in China is higher among other countries. The most likely basis is moderately low income level. There is high participation in the labor force among women because one wage earner is inadequate to support a family. In the last 5 years (2002-2007), women’s participation in the labor force exceedingly increased according to APEC statistics. Presently, the government was executing the guidelines which were implemented during 1997, which was the division of labor market between urban and rural areas. The labor market is exclusively for high school graduates or those with lower educational background. This probable outcome of this situation is the layoffs in urban places and labor surplus in rural areas. In the coming years, it has been forecasted that China might face a nationwide labor shortage. The country is fast approaching the â€Å"Lewisian turning point†. It is a theory by Arthur Lewis stating the turning point from surplus labor to labor scarcity. In the year 1980, State Council issued a decree prohibiting the use of foreign exchange for making payments in China. Foreign exchange rates or Waihui, equal in value to the Renminbi at effective rate, were put into circulation for use by nonresidents only. It could be use for transportation fares, hotel bills and purchases at Friendship stores. Then in 1981, the foreign trade rate was since fixed at 2. 80 from 1. 750. In 1985, the internal settlement rate was abolished and all trade was governed by the Effective Rate. A foreign exchange retention quota also exists for a portion of export proceeds. Authorization was granted for Chinese residents to hold foreign exchange and open foreign exchange accounts and to deposit and withdraw funds in foreign exchange. In the year 1986, The trade-weighted basket of currencies was abandoned and the Effective Rate was placed on a controlled float based on developments in the balance of payments and in costs and exchange rates of Chinas major competitors. Shanghai International Trust and Investment Corporation was authorized to handle exchange business. In 1988, early this year, all domestic entities which are allowed to retain foreign exchange earnings were granted permission to trade in the adjustment centers, and by October 1988, 80 adjustment centers were established. Initially, a relatively small volume of transactions took place in these markets, but the volume has increased substantially since access to the centers was expanded. The Foreign Exchange Swap Rate was 6. 60 from 3. 72. In 1989, regulations were issued governing the use of foreign exchange obtained in foreign exchange adjustment centers. Imports of inputs for the agricultural sector, textile, and for technologically advance and light industries were given priority. Purchases of foreign exchange for a wide range of consumer products were prohibited. Such corporations are permitted to sell in China for foreign exchange provided that the sales involve purchases under the Governments annual import plan, sales in Special Economic Zones and other promotional areas, and sales of import substitutes. The Foreign Exchange Swap Rate was 5. 40 from 3. 72. By the end of 1990, The Foreign Exchange Swap Rate was 5. 70 from 5. 22. (Ka Fu) Presently, Premier Jiabao stated in the Annual Meetings of the Board of Governors of the African Development Bank Group in Shanghai that the government continues to push the Renminbi exchange rate reform in order to confer larger range to the role of the market. The reform permits citizens to purchase more foreign currencies and commercial banks. Financial market development has been highlighted with China’s monetary reforms. The Peoples Bank of China (PBC) has made great strides in modernizing its monetary policy frameworks but their effectiveness will diminish as the sophistication of the economy increases. Empirical evidence supports maintaining a reference to money in Chinas monetary strategy and enhancing the role of interest rates in its conduct (Maino, 44). The most suitable monetary strategy for China would be an eclectic monetary policy framework, whereby the growth in money supply and bank credit extension are used as intermediate guidelines for the determination of short-term interest rates. In addition, in deciding on the most appropriate monetary policy stance, developments in a number of other variables need to be taken into consideration, because the monetary aggregates are loosing some of their usefulness as indicators of future inflation due to structural changes in the economy (Maino, 40). The IMF also points out that Chinese monetary policy could improve noticeably if the central bank were granted more discretionary power to set interest rates. In the last two years, increases in the trade surplus and significant inflows of foreign capital have led to a large accumulation of international reserves, which has further complicated monetary policy handling. In this respect, the IMF has welcomed the changes introduced into the Chinese exchange rate system as a significant step towards making this system more flexible. Although it is difficult to define an equilibrium exchange rate, and not just revaluation, must be adopted if china is to increase the independence of its monetary policy and shield its economy against external shocks (Ruete, 8). Works Cited Angang, Hu. China’s economic growth and poverty reduction (1978-2002). 2 June 2003. IMF. 20 April 2008 http://www. imf. org/external/np/apd/seminars/2003/newdelhi/angang. pdf. Baodong, Li. Remarks by Ambassador LI Baodong At Ministerial Roundtable Breakfast of Economic and Social Council On Food, Nutrition and Agriculture: Working Together to End Hunger. 12 July 2007. China-UN. 22 April 2008 http://www. china-un. ch/eng/xwdt/t339666. htm Chinas Cheap, High-quality Labor Lures Foreign Investment. Editorial. Xinhua News Agency 21 December 2002, A1. Gao, Xu. Business Cycle Accoounting for the Chinese Economy. N. p. : n. p, n. d. http://www. wdi. umich. edu/files/Publications/WorkingPapers/wp795. pdf Imai, Hiroyuki, Explaining Chinas Business Cycles. 6 June 1996. IDE. 22 April 2008 http://www. ide. go. jp/English/Publish/De/pdf/96_02_03. pdf. Ka Fu, Wong. International Economics. 1 January 2007. 23 April 2008. http://intl. econ. cuhk. edu. hk/exchange_rate_regime/index. php? cid=8. Manio, Rodolfo. China: Strengthening Monetary Policy Implementation. 1 January 2007. Social Science Research Network. 23 April 2008 http://papers. ssrn. com/sol3/papers. cfm? abstract_id=959761. Ruete, Javier. The Development of Chinas Export Performance. 7 March 2006. Central Reserve Bank of Peru. 23 April 2008 http://www. bcrp. gob. pe/bcr/dmdocuments/Ingles/Comunicaciones/Press_200602. pdf.

Peace of God Essay -- Essasys Papers

Peace of God The â€Å"Peace of God† encompasses a wide array of definitions. â€Å"Peace of God† is a gift from God. It is simpler than the peace that we may think. For example, I picked a sample of three gentlemen in my fraternity and asked them what is their first thought that arises with the phrase â€Å"Peace of God.† The responses in order was: . A society without wars . A God that condemns wars . A union of all religions. As interesting as their responses are, my research has found that the peace that God has endowed within his people are, â€Å"peace of mind and heart.† Site http://www.realtime.net/~wdoud/ice/peace.html exhibits an interesting viewpoint of â€Å"Peace of God.† It begins by defining peace from the bible, where peace came from a Greek word â€Å"eireinei,† which refers to the â€Å"mental attitude of tranquility based on a relationship with God in the Christian way of life.† The site further analyzes â€Å"peace† in two ways. â€Å"There is a personal peace of God which comes when a person accepts Jesus Christ as Savior.† â€Å"There is the peace of God which is available on a daily basis as the believer participates in the Christian way of life according to the plan of God.† The site continues further by emphasizing that â€Å"Peace of God is never available apart from Grace.† Essentially through God's Grace, he dissolved the barrier between man and God. So that when â€Å"the unbeliever responds to Grace by faith, the result is peace.† Another site I found interesting in the way they defined â€Å"peace† was http://www.wolfe.net/~bibline/info/peace.html. This site contains diverse definitions of the biblical view of â€Å"peace.† Although this site does not exactly define the phrase â€Å"Peace of God,† the ... ...safety, and calmness†. Although I believe I have concluded my search for the â€Å"Peace of God,† I decided to search one more site. The site that I found is http://www.calvarychapel.com/lakevilla/tracts/peace.htm, which similar to the former site. It begins by defining God's peace in two ways, â€Å"Freedom from worries, troubles, and fears.† â€Å"Peace of mind: a state of friendliness and calm.† These two definitions regarding the peace of God are relevant in the life of a chivalrous knight in that a knight faces adversity many times. One cannot be worried or troubled because it is a waste of energy. For if a knight is constantly worried and afraid, he cannot have enough courage to defeat his enemy. Also without a â€Å"state of friendliness and calmness,† a knight is not being chivalrous if he does not have peace of mind and acts ungentlemanly – like.

Communication Skills :: Communication, Effective Communication

Communication can be defined as the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner (Sanchez, N, 2009). An example of communication in healthcare is between clinical professionals and staff, patients and their relatives or carers, professionals doctors, occupational therapists, social workers, midwives, physiotherapists and administration staff (Darley, 2002). For their communication to be effective, each of them needs to put the responsibility for clear communication on himself (Healthcare Benchmarks & Quality Improvement 2009) which means that each of them should endeavour to send clear messages and to receive messages with as little distortion as possible (Mind Tools Ltd, 2009). The NHS believes that effective communication is essential for high quality service and care, and to avoid communication breakdown complaints and problems (Hamilton Mercer, 2009) such as ill informed patients, worried relatives and bad publicity Darley (2002). To avoid communication breakdown, the HPC requires radiographers to be able to use appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication and to use an appropriate interpreter if necessary when communicating with service users and others (Health Professions Council’s (HPC) Standards of Proficiency - Radiographers, 2008). Minardi and Riley (1997) state that it is very important to recognise the communication skills that may improve effectiveness. Verbal and non-verbal communication are the main forms of communication (Cant and Aroni, 2008). Verbal communication is subdivided into the vocal category which includes spoken language, and the non-vocal category which includes written communication and communication conveyed through sign language or Braille (Communication and Language). The HPC requires Radiographers to be able to communicate information, advice, instruction and professional opinion in English (HPC’s Standards of Proficiency - Radiographers, 2008) since it is the main language in the United Kingdom (Mandy Barrow, 2009). For example, when performing an examination, they need to give clear instructions by explaining what they are doing and why they are doing it (Bach and Grant, 2009). If the receiver does not understand English, a good interpreter is needed to avoid misunderstanding. The receiver may also not understand the examiner’s professional language and as Minardi and Riley (1997) point out, the professional should explain technical terms in order to be understood. Written communication is the ability to write effectively in a range of circumstances and for different audiences and purposes, in good English (The University of Sydney, 2009) using memorandums, reports, bulletins, job descriptions, employee manuals, electronic mail (e-mail) letters, telegrams, faxes, contracts, advertisements, brochures or news releases (Reference for business, 2010).

Why was there a successful revolution in February 1917 in Russia?

By 1917, Russia in a state where demonstrations were becoming more frequent each week. Many of these demonstrations happened in Petrograd over food shortages and oppositions grew against the Tsar as this happened. The number of demonstrators rose to nearly of quarter of a million. The Russian people were constantly being let down by the Tsar and the depression grew. The war caused most of these food shortages, as any available food would be taken to soldiers instead of the rest of the population. The strains from the war caused an impact on all societies. The peasants suffered most of the hardships of the war and so became much more radical and revolutionary groups began. Many of the concessions made by Tsar to the middle class societies were still controlled by the Tsar like the Dumas and so the growth political opposition grew. These are some of the cause of why the February revolution was a success. The Tsar was not a very good ruler of the country. He listened to others for advice and rarely made his own decisions. The personality of the tsar was clearly an aspect that contributed to the deterioration of the Russian government. He was often a charming person but very weak. Nicholas believed in the firm system of autocracy. Nicholas exercised his power through the army, the secret police and the Russian Orthodox Church. The tsarist regime was resist to change and the repression of the tsarist system like the Okhrana (secret police) caused many people to think about the system. The effects of the war generally the main reason why there was a revolution in 1917. When Russia first joined the war in 1914, there was patriotism and loyalty to the tsar and for the war. People wanted a short and victorious war but they were still behind in technology and agriculture for of at least 50 years. But when Russia had lost their first battle, the morale of the army and also the population of the country were low. The low morale continued as the war progressed. Russia was continuing to have high casualties and kept losing supplies and food and the fact that they had no good quality weapons meant that they were not going to be successful in the war. The war caused a shortage of food; this was because any food available would go straight to the soldiers. The war speeded up the process of change- people had soon had enough of the tsar and of what they thought was a pointless war. There was also an economic collapse, which affected all societies after Russia pulled out of the war. The landowners of large estates were hit by a collapse in the value of land. Many industrialists realised that when they failed to secure government orders for war goods, they found themselves disappearing of the markets and many small businesses found themselves bankrupt. The food shortage led the prices of meat and flour rising by 300 per cent. The war also caused wages to fall and so strikes and protests occurred. The growth of political opposition grew. Many groups got organised. The liberals, the social revolutionists, the socialists, Bolsheviks and Mensheviks all had a problem with the Tsar and its regime. The political opposition started happening from 1905. This was because of the 1905 revolt called ‘bloody Sunday'. In 1905 the Tsar's government had introduced new economic policies which were aimed at strengthening the regime. But these changes were still to create tension in the future as they were still confined by the autocracy system. Even though the tsar had given the Bourgeoisie a Duma it was still controlled by the Tsar so there was still resentment and also there was no change in the government, even when the Tsar left. There was too much weakness in the economic system and there were too many pressures of the social and economic change like the industry. Before the war, the common strikes were for overworking conditions. In February, on the 23rd, there was an emergence of a ‘focus' for political opposition. They all had a main focus, or goal. Here on the 23rd, Petrograd was at stand still. The attempts to stop the demonstrators were hinder by the police and army and so the Tsars traditional allies were breaking up even the middle class were against the Tsar. In a way, When the Tsar entered Russia into the war this would be the turning point for the 1917 revolution. This is because the war would cause food shortages and low morale of the army and the Russian people and this would just be the starting of Russia problems. It would also cause hyperinflation and the revolts. But there many other factors to be included like the repression of the tsarist government and the weakness in the economic system. It would seem like that further on Tsarism will not exist anymore in Russia. It could be said that the ultimate defeat of Tsarism was Tsarism. This was because the Tsar's system was too harsh and unfair to peasants.

Free Essays on Brave New World

, such as â€Å"God†, and spoke of ridiculous ideas like family and love. To John these things were normal; these ideas were what he was raised with. However, typical alphas didn’t understand emotions and were never related to one another. John was also clearly bothered by the society’s encouraged promiscuity. He was accustomed to love, feelings, and monotony within relationships. In John’s eyes, the actions of most alphas were gross and discourteous. How could an individual be intimate was so many others and not even care about having love or some kind of a connection with the other person? He chose not to participate in their sexual actions because he was so uncomfortable with them, and this made him even more of an outcast. John had learned about love from Shakespeare, and thus was interested in a truly romantic relationship. This, of course, could not be found in the Brave New World. Often John would become overwhelmed with everything, and so would want to be alone. To others in the Brave New World this was a strange desire; they couldn’t figure out why someone would choose to be alone. Regular alphas always wanted to... Free Essays on Brave New World Free Essays on Brave New World MacLeod1 Brave New World Literary Essay Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World is a futuristic story of a dystopian society that has rid itself of instability through science and politics, as well as the sacrifice of certain cultural values. Although the concept of this new world seems ideal, the author portrays it cynically. His ideas of progress, science and politics are reflected negatively in the novel as their employment in the society cause the sacrifice of such themes as religion, history, and freedom. The forfeitures made for stability creates a fear in the reader of the methods used to dispose of them. The theme of progress is one fundamental basis of the new culture. The people of London now idolize the belief in Ford rather than a God. In this novel, Ford represents Henry Ford who is a symbol of technological advancement and industrialization. His ideas are reflected in the novel not only in the society’s mechanical modernization, such as the use of helicopters instead of cars, but also in its scientific revolution. The use of the assembly line is now used for the manufacturing of humans on a large scale. Each human is categorized into a specific class; from an Alpha being the highest caste and of the higher intelligence, to an Epsilon being the lowest caste and of lower intelligence. In doing this, they have engineered human beings, not only to fulfill the various positions needed to sustain a society, but also to enjoy the positions that need to be filled. Therefore, they have created people in the most efficient manner possible; ‘We also predestine and condition. We decant our babies as socialized human beings, as Alphas or Epsilons, as future sewage workers or future†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He was going to say future World Controllers, MacLeod2 but correcting himself, said ‘future Directors of Hatcheries’ instead. (Huxley10). However... Free Essays on Brave New World In the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, John the Savage, unlike other major characters, was not brought up in the â€Å"brave new world† of modern day London. Explain how his upbringing in what we see as a more traditional human society contributed to his actions and experiences throughout the novel. The character John, or the Savage, is one of the central figures on Aldous Huxley’s futuristic novel Brave New World. He is used primarily as a way of comparing the values of modern society – Huxley’s â€Å"brave new world† – with those of our society on the 20th and 21st centuries. Since he grew up on an â€Å"uncivilized† Savage reservation instead of in â€Å"civilized† contemporary society, he has no experience with the shallow happiness and expected promiscuity of this society’s citizens, of feelies or soma or alcohol-stunted Epsilons. These aspects of modern society seem sick and wrong to him, as the ancient customs and rituals of the Savages seem alien and insane to Bernard and Lenina. This difference in John’s upbringing allows him to view modern society with more knowledge and understanding than anyone raised in it is able; to them it seems like the only way of life imaginable. Their culture of false happiness a nd of stifling real emotions literally sickens him; for John, true happiness must be felt from the heart, and true love is far more meaningful than momentary lust. His upbringing has taught him that it is better to feel real pain than fake, shallow happiness, and that one must earn the right to live in this world. During his time in civilized England, John experiences the best aspects of upper class culture; he goes to the feelies, is entertained with many of Bernard and Lenina’s refined, important friends, rides in helicopters, and is treated as a person of great importance. However, these experiences don’t make him happy and only serve to deepen his sense of contempt for modern day society. He f... Free Essays on Brave New World Brave New World Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World and George Orwells’s Nineteen Eighty-four are the most influential futuristic novels of the 20th century (Firchow 83). In Orwell’s story the state controls its citizens with fear and punishment. Winston Smith (protagonist of 1984) is forced to love Big Brother by the starving rats in room 101. In Aldous Huxley’s satire the World State’s motto is Community, Identity, and Stability. The novel begins in London in the year A.F. (After Ford) 632 and introduces a very stable society. This stability has been achieved by a controlled genetics program and by various psychological methods that we learn about through the course of the novel. Mr. Huxley called the psychological methods used in Brave New World mind-manipulation. through sleep teaching and infant conditioning the citizens of the World State are brainwashed into liking their unescapable social destiny (Huxley 11). Those few who do not fit into the comm unity of the brave new world are exiled to an island. In the novel Bernard is sent to Iceland; and Hemholtz Watson is shipped to the Falklands. In his forward to the 1946 edition of Brave New World, Mr. Huxley wrote that he expects large government projects in the future that seek to â€Å"make people love their servitude† (xix). This love of servitude is the stability of Brave New World. People are happy and ask no questions. They do their job (that they were created to do), have sex, take drugs, and happily accept death when they are sixty years old. In Brave New World Mustapha Mond, the World Controller, tells John the Savage: â€Å"The people are well off; they’re safe; they’re blissfully ignorant of passion and old age; they’re plagued with no mothers or fathers; they’ve got no wives, or children, or lovers to feel strongly about; they’re so conditioned that they practically can’t help behaving as they ought to behave† (Huxley 169). Harold Bloom ... Free Essays on Brave New World What Makes John Different? Within every society there exist individuals who, for whatever reason, just don’t fit in. The individual may or may not look unusual, but inside they definitely feel out of place. In Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, John â€Å"the savage† was one of those unique individuals. John wasn’t able to control the influences which made him atypical, but regardless, he was forced to live in societies which refused to accept him. It was extremely difficult for John to live in the Brave New World because he was so different from the generic alphas which surrounded him. From the beginning it was obvious that John was unlike the others. Instead of the usual color-coded clothing, John wore the sparse clothing of the native culture in which he was raised. He also used many foreign words, such as â€Å"God†, and spoke of ridiculous ideas like family and love. To John these things were normal; these ideas were what he was raised with. However, typical alphas didn’t understand emotions and were never related to one another. John was also clearly bothered by the society’s encouraged promiscuity. He was accustomed to love, feelings, and monotony within relationships. In John’s eyes, the actions of most alphas were gross and discourteous. How could an individual be intimate was so many others and not even care about having love or some kind of a connection with the other person? He chose not to participate in their sexual actions because he was so uncomfortable with them, and this made him even more of an outcast. John had learned about love from Shakespeare, and thus was interested in a truly romantic relationship. This, of course, could not be found in the Brave New World. Often John would become overwhelmed with everything, and so would want to be alone. To others in the Brave New World this was a strange desire; they couldn’t figure out why someone would choose to be alone. Regular alphas always wanted to... Free Essays on Brave New World Brave By: James E-mail: kwjefjff!@aol.com Cloning in Brave New World by Christopher M. Earhart It has been said that Muhammad is the "Seal of the Prophets," meaning that he was the last. However, our world has recently been graced by another prophet in Aldous Huxley. Huxley's prophetic vision is unmistakable in his science-fiction novel, Brave New World, in which he delivers a valuable message: control advancements in technology before they control us. Huxley supports this message with a strong example of a society that is so overrun by technology that the human race has lost their individuality, freedom, and ultimately their identity as human beings. In this "Brave New World," artificially-born humans are genetically engineered, divided into castes, molded into machines through hypnopaedia, and controlled by the drug Soma. The new world appears to be a perfect utopia on the surfacethere is no disease, no warfare, and no sadness. However, the humans have sacrificed thought, feelings, free will, and everything which makes one human to achieve this state. Through Brave New World, Huxley teaches us that these sacrifices are far too great and will eventually occur if humans continue to misuse technology in the future. Huxley's warning in Brave New World carries so much weight because of the truthful predictions he includes in the novel. Despite being written in 1932, Huxley predicts genetic engineering, test-tube babies, cloning, a loss of meaning in sexual relationships, and drug abuse. All of these predictions were far beyond his time, and all have either come true or are on the brink of occurrence. The most significant of these is his presentiment that production, not childbirth, will be the process in which humans are brought into this world. Just as Huxley predicted, scientists can now produce humans outside of the womb, and soon the cloning of human beings will be feasible. The concept of producing humans without parents is ... Free Essays on Brave New World Brave New World: Cloning In the novel Brave New World, there is no such thing as women being pregnant because the ovaries are surgically removed. In fact there is no such thing as parents. There is a factory that produces human beings and conditions them for their predestined roles in the World State. Today, succeeding in the creation of the first cloned embryo is abruptly criticized. Scientists in Massachusetts have succeeded in cloning for only a few hours cloned human embryos of four to six cells. The Catholic Church is against cloning and test tube fertilization (like in Brave New World). The Catholic Church also says that life begins at the time of the fertilization of an egg not at birth. Some think that the cloning of human beings will contaminate and dishonor the future of humankind. When a person is cloned it is most likely because you want someone that is exactly like someone else. That someone else is probably some that loves their surroundings and loves being the person they are. In Brave New World cloning is a normal thing and goes on everyday, however in the present time cloning is not as advanced as it is in the book. In the novel, Brave New World, there is a factory that creates human beings in specially designed bottles. The fetus undergoes the Bokanovsky Process so that the egg can divide and form up to ninety-six identical embryos. Each embryo will then develop and those ninety-six embryos will become ninety-six identical human beings. In other words, they will become clones of each other. Another example of cloning is that hundreds of people can be produced from the ova and sperm of the same man and women within two years. In Brave New World the people are conditioned genetically, physically, and psychologically to love and fully accept their necessity in life. The production of humans is to maximize efficiency and profit. In order to follow the rule of supply and demand they make as many... Free Essays on Brave New World Independent Study Project George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World are two novels that portray totalitarianism. Hitler used this kind of power to rule Germany during the 1930’s and 1940’s. Brave New World and Nineteen Eighty-Four are very similar to the totalitarianism used during this regime. Government control is an important topic because if society doesn’t change its ways, we risk becoming a fascist state. The authors of these novels are trying to portray to their readers warning signals of the potential dangers of totalitarianism. Totalitarianism, is a centralized dictatorial form of government requiring complete subservience to the state, a person advocating such a system. In Nineteen Eighty-Four, Big Brother was the " Friend of the People" , the Inner Party Leader. His face was projected all day long through numerous forms of media."On each landing opposite the lift shaft, the poster with the enormous face gazed from the wall." His slogan "Big Brother is Watching You" was posted everywhere. The citizens of Oceania were not allowed to think, if they did so it was called Double Think. Double Think was the result of a totalitarian government forcing your brain to be orthodox and loyal in spite of anything. This method was enforced by the Party to ensure that no citizens of Oceania questioned the changes in policy. Oceania was a state in constant war differentiating from Huxley’s world that was always at peace. War seemed like a good idea for Big Brother; this way people would think that there was no better place for them and wouldn’t expect better living conditions, better food and less control by the government. The slogan "War is Peace" was displayed everywhere. People were so exposed to it that they saw nothing wrong with the meaning of the slogan. Again in a totalitarian state there is no freedom of thought or expression. " The Thought Police would get him just t... Free Essays on Brave New World On the road to Perfection The way in which Aldous Huxley presents his Utopia deals with the control of a society by means of stability. A Utopia in which can only be fathomable in a world made up from Huxleys mind and never reality. The use of technology in Brave New World and the way in which everyone is psychologically conditioned seems like a unrealistic dystopia. Huxley states that â€Å"the standardization of the human product has been pushed to fantastic, thoug not perhaps impossible extremes.†(foreward) The impossible extremes imply that utopia cannot be discounted as a possibility for the future. Therefore was Huxley using his sardonic world as a mockery of ours, or was the satire just a distraction to his prophetic message for the future? The Religion which is used in the Brave new world is one that is based with Techonology. It is derived from the Ford motor company which put out the first working automobile. Technology seems to have taken the place of two most important governmental ideologies during the cold war which were communism and capitalism. The Utopia of Huxleys seems to include both of them with technology. We are in a post cold war world which has seen the emergence of capitalism and fault of communism. What drove the two to super powers was based all on technology. It was not the people who chose to live in these world but those who ruled to use the ideology in order to control the masses. The use of Technology or Atomic and nuclear power almost drove Page 2 these two into war and total world anniahlation. Even though one of the main theme are satire, it is still important to understand that Huxley could be using humor to revolt against the current system in which he was living in. Many revolutionaries acts were done out of comedy and satire in order to not be suspected so easily by those in power. It is important to understand the fundamentals of communism and capitalism because both were emer... Free Essays on Brave New World A global nine years war has taken place. This war was so brutal and tiresome, that the people opted to control the world's actions through a means of science. "People were ready to have even their appetites controlled then. Anything for a quiet life" Brave New World takes place in 632 A.F., numerous years after civilization started to be controlled. Civilization is controlled though conditioning and hatchery. Everyone is brought into civilization though a test tube, "the operation undergone voluntarily for the good of society." The D.H.C. (the Director of Hatcheries and Conditioning) decides which of the five castes in society the test tube babies will belong to. At a young age, the babies are conditioned to think and act certain ways depending on which caste they will belong to through a means of environmental exposure as babies, hypnopaedia, and other methods. In order to keep the civilization from engaging in future wars, society must be happy. Ridding of religion and morals, and allowing sex and drugs without remorse makes this happiness... "God isn't compatible with machinery and scientific medicine, and universal happiness." The beginning chapters describe this brave new world as the D.H.C. gives a group of children a tour of the facility. The reader meets Lenina Crowne who had been dating Henry Foster for some time, and starts dating Bernard Marx to prove she is not engaging in courtship, which is unheard of in the civilization. Bernard and Lenina go on a vacation to the New Mexico reservations, and meet Linda and her son John. Bernard discovers that Linda was impregnated by the D.H.C., and thus John is his son. Bernard and Lenina bring John and Linda back to civilization with them for research purposes. Bernard learns that the D.H.C. is about to exile him for his 'uncivilized' behavior when he and Lenina return to civilization. "..He (Bernard) has proved himself an enemy of society, a subverter, ... of all order and ...

Personal preferences Essays

Personal preferences Essays Personal preferences Paper Personal preferences Paper Be considered as an individual, to be listened to and have their wishes and feelings taken into account when decisions are made concerning their welfare A child care and education worker should focus on an individual childs personality as a relationship is built up, not ethnicity, religion or background. They should also promote a broad range of cultures, religions and beliefs by valuing and exploring differences with children in their care. Childrens sense of belonging to their culture is very important part of their lives and needs to be acknowledged and valued. Any personal preferences and prejudices must be put aside; all children should be treated with respect and dignity irrespective of their ethnic origin, religion or socio-economic group. Bruce and Meggitt (2002) Children pick up attitudes and morals from watching others and view the C. C. E. W. as a role model. A good C. C. E. W. would consider the cultural differences and practices before jumping to conclusions about a situation (e. g. beat in British terms would mean forceful hitting, but in Caribbean it means smack). Also, the role of the C. C. E. W. would be very important in dealing with any negative incidents promptly. Actions and words mentioned by the adults around the children could have lasting effects on the development of self-esteem, which shows that, Early Years Practitioners have a strong role in promoting equal opportunities within their settings they need to make sure every child feels valued and also that children learn to value and respect others Tassoni (2002) A child care and education student should be a good role model for children to see. Personal beliefs, attitudes and prejudices should not discriminate against children or families. All skin colours should be portrayed in a positive way. The student should offer to expand childrens learning opportunities through knowledge and understanding of the world, food, music, language etc. Questions regarding suitability of activities for all children should be asked before carrying them out, encouraging cooperation and pleasantness through interactions with children. The student should look out for ways to value all children, trying not favour one child over another, promoting positive self images in children from all family backgrounds and encourage caring attitudes. Questions from children regarding race, culture or religion should be answered honestly using appropriate language. A culture, religion, language or lifestyle should not be promoted as superior to another; however a childs first language should be respected.